Concrete block masonry also is referred to as concrete masonry unit (CMU) have advantages over brick and stone masonry.
Concrete blocks are made in required shape and sizes and the could be solid or hollow blocks.
The common height and width of concrete blocks is 39cm x 19cm x (30cm or 20 cm or 10cm) or 2 inch, 4 inch, 6 inch, 8 inch, Ten inch and 12-inch unit configurations.
Cement, aggregate, water is used to organize concrete blocks.
The cement-aggregate ratio in concrete blocks is 1:6. Aggregate used is of 60% fine aggregate and 40% coarse aggregate.
Their Minimum strength is approximately 3N/mm2. ASTM C-90-91 specifies the compressive strength requirements of concrete masonry units.
Kinds of Concrete Blocks or Concrete Masonry Units
Based on the structure, shape, size and manufacturing processes concrete blocks are mainly classified into 2 types and they are generally:
Solid concrete blocks
Hollow concrete Blocks
Solid Concrete Blocks
Solid concrete blocks are normally used, that are heavy in weight and made of dense aggregate. They’re quite strong and provides good stability to the structures. So for giant work of masonry like for load bearing walls these solid blocks are preferable. They come in large sizes when compared with bricks. So, it will take a shorter time to create concrete masonry than brick masonry.
Hollow Concrete Blocks
Hollow concrete blocks contains void area higher than 25% of gross area. Solid division of hollow bricks must be over 50%. The hollow part could be divided into several components according to our requirement. They’re constructed from lightweight aggregates. They are light weight blocks as well as simple to setup.
Kinds of Hollow Concrete Blocks:
Stretcher block
Corner block
Pillar block
Jamb block
Partition block
Lintel block
Frogged brick block
Bullnose block
Concrete Stretcher Blocks
Corner blocks are widely-used with the ends or corners of masonry. The ends could be window or door openings etc. they may be arranged in a way that their plane end visible out and other end is locked with all the stretcher block.
Concrete Corner Blocks
Corner blocks are utilized on the ends or corners of masonry. The ends could possibly be window or door openings etc. these are arranged in ways that their plane end visible facing outward as well as other end is locked using the stretcher block.
Concrete Pillar Blocks
Pillar block is additionally called as double corner block. Generally they’re used when two ends in the corner are visible. In the event of piers or pillars these blocks are traditionally used.
Jamb Concrete Blocks
Jamb blocks are utilized if you find an elaborated window opening from the wall. They’re associated with stretcher and corner blocks. To the provision of double hung windows, jamb blocks are incredibly necessary to provide space to the casing folks window.
Partition Concrete Block
Partition concrete blocks are usually utilized to build partition walls. Partition blocks have larger height than its breadth. Hollow part is split into two or three components in the case of partition blocks.
Lintel Blocks
Lintel block or beam block is employed when considering provision of beam or lintel beam. Lintel beam is generally provided on the top portion of windows and doors, which bears the load via top. Concrete lintel blocks have deep groove over the duration of block as shown in figure. After placing the blocks, this groove is stuffed with concrete as well as reinforcement.
Frogged Brick Blocks
Frogged brick block has a frog on its top together with header and stretcher like frogged brick. This frog will helps the block to hold mortar and to get the strong bond with top laying block.
Bullnose Concrete Block
Bullnose blocks are similar to corner blocks. Their duties also same but when we want rounded edges at corner bullnose bricks are preferred.
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