Concrete block masonry which is also called concrete masonry unit (CMU) have advantages over brick and stone masonry.
Concrete blocks are produced in required shape and sizes which might be solid or hollow blocks.
The common size of concrete blocks is 39cm x 19cm x (30cm or 20 cm or 10cm) or 2 inch, 4 inch, 6 inch, 8 inch, Ten inch and 12-inch unit configurations.
Cement, aggregate, water is used to prepare concrete blocks.
The cement-aggregate ratio in concrete blocks is 1:6. Aggregate used is of 60% fine aggregate and 40% coarse aggregate.
Their Minimum strength is around 3N/mm2. ASTM C-90-91 specifies the compressive strength requirements of concrete masonry units.
Types of Concrete Blocks or Concrete Masonry Units
Depending upon the dwelling, shape, size and manufacturing processes concrete blocks are generally classified into 2 types plus they are:
Solid concrete blocks
Hollow concrete Blocks
Solid Concrete Blocks
Solid concrete blocks are commonly used, which are heavy in weight and made of dense aggregate. They may be strong and offers good stability to the structures. So for giant work of masonry like for load bearing walls these solid blocks are preferable. They come in large sizes when compared with bricks. So, it takes much less time to develop concrete masonry than brick masonry.
Hollow Concrete Blocks
Hollow concrete blocks contains void area in excess of 25% of gross area. Solid area of hollow bricks should be over 50%. The hollow part may be divided into several components depending on our requirement. They may be manufactured from lightweight aggregates. They may be light-weight blocks and easy to install.
Kinds of Hollow Concrete Blocks:
Stretcher block
Corner block
Pillar block
Jamb block
Partition block
Lintel block
Frogged brick block
Bullnose block
Concrete Stretcher Blocks
Corner blocks are widely-used with the ends or corners of masonry. The ends could be window or door openings etc. they may be arranged in a manner that their plane end visible external as well as other end is locked using the stretcher block.
Concrete Corner Blocks
Corner blocks are utilized in the ends or corners of masonry. The ends could possibly be door or window openings etc. they are arranged in a fashion that their plane end visible facing outward and other end is locked with the stretcher block.
Concrete Pillar Blocks
Pillar block can also be recognized as double corner block. Generally these are generally used when two ends with the corner are visible. In the event of piers or pillars these blocks are trusted.
Jamb Concrete Blocks
Jamb blocks are utilized if you have an elaborated window opening inside the wall. They’re linked to stretcher and corner blocks. For the provision of double hung windows, jamb blocks are incredibly helpful to provide space for that casing people in window.
Partition Concrete Block
Partition concrete blocks are likely to be accustomed to build partition walls. Partition blocks have larger height than its breadth. Hollow part is split into two to three components in case there is partition blocks.
Lintel Blocks
Lintel block or beam block is utilized for the purpose of provision of beam or lintel beam. Lintel beam is normally provided at the top percentage of windows and doors, which bears the burden via top. Concrete lintel blocks have deep groove across the amount of block as shown in figure. After placing the blocks, this groove is filled with concrete together with reinforcement.
Frogged Brick Blocks
Frogged brick block posesses a frog on its top together with header and stretcher like frogged brick. This frog will helps the block to hold mortar and to get the strong bond with top laying block.
Bullnose Concrete Block
Bullnose blocks are similar to corner blocks. Their duties also same however when we’d like rounded edges at corner bullnose bricks are preferred.
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